Iranian Nanotechnology Society International Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 1735-7004 21 2 2025 06 30 Investigating the Morphological and Functional Group Characteristics of Sol-Gel Synthesized Silica Nanoparticles Derived from Natural and Commercial Precursors 77 87 737968 10.22034/ijnn.2026.2053759.2634 EN Syukur Daulay Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering-Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia. 0000-0002-8399-8907 Akhmad Herman Yuwono Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering-Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia. 0000-0001-9887-6446 Gusaimas Akbar Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering-Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia. 0009-0003-5445-4091 Donanta Dhaneswara Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering-Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia. 0000-0001-6667-8058 Nofrijon Sofyan Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering-Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia. 0000-0001-7814-9022 Bambang Heru Susanto Department of Chemical Engineering-Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia. 0000-0002-3338-2792 Agus Ismail Program Studi Teknik Industri Universitas Mercu Buana, Jakarta, Indonesia Journal Article 2025 02 19 Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) are widely investigated in science and largely used in various strategic applications. Due to the abundant source of silica in the beach, there is a necessity to obtain naturally derived SNPs comparable with those synthesized from commercial precursors. Therefore, this research aimed to effectiveness of sol-gel method to produce sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) by mixing silica sand with sodium hydroxide and neutralizing using the concentrated hydrochloric solution. SNPs were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). For comparison purposes, the sol-gel process was also carried out with commercial sodium silicate and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) precursors to obtain synthetic SNPs, while the fabricated SNPs were used as the standard. The result showed that the synthetic and fabricated had a typical peak for silica at a wave number of 950 cm-1. Phase characterization showed the characteristics of silica nanoparticles at a 2θ angle of 22°, and silica crystal peaks were still visible in the synthesis of SNPC600 and SNPN600. Crystallite size calculation obtained 19.84, 4.40, 4.31, and 2.94 nm for SNPN600, SNPC600, SNPTEHN600, and XFNANO, respectively. Microstructural analysis showed a uniform distribution of particles in SNPN600 and SNPTEHN600, along with an inhomogeneous distribution in SNPC600. https://www.ijnnonline.net/article_737968_558f1e52d5c9418e68877c1eeaf3ea1f.pdf