Iranian Nanotechnology Society International Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 1735-7004 20 1 2024 03 01 Co-phthalocyanine/Graphene Quantum Dots/TiO2 as a New Hybrid for Photocatalytic Degradation of Formic Acid Toward Hydrogen Generation 25 32 711961 10.22034/ijnn.2024.548254.2162 EN Sajjad Keshipour Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Mina Hadidi Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Mojtaba Abedi-Mehmandar Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran Journal Article 2023 10 24 <em>   Hydrogen has been considered as one of the worthy fuels for the high potential energy and nonpolluting combustion. With increasing the concerns about fossil fuels pollution for the environment, attempts have been concentrated on the improving of new green fuels such as hydrogen. Particularly, the safe and cost-effective production of hydrogen has been widely studied, in which the catalysts deserved remarkable progresses. Herein, photocatalytic activity of cobalt-phthalocyanine/graphene quantum dots/TiO₂ was investigated in the formic acid degradation under visible irradiation toward hydrogen generation. TiO₂ as a semiconductor trapped photons to generate electron/hole pairs and graphene quantum dots made delay in their recombination to provide long time for promoting the hydrogen and carbon dioxide evolution reactions by electrons/holes. Cobalt (II)-phthalocyanine as a catalyst utilized the electrons in the transformation of protons to H₂, while in the positive region carbon dioxide was producing. The reaction was progressed efficiently affording H₂ with the rate of 3.60 mmol.h^-1 and activation energy was calculated to be 16 KJ.mol^-1. This three-component catalyst showed satisfying stability to run the reaction for long time. Notable catalytic activity, and employing light power for the reaction done are two significant characteristics of this hybrid. </em> https://www.ijnnonline.net/article_711961_759c216ca404173890a4450b9db71f18.pdf