International Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

International Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

Synthesis, Characterization, and ‎Antibacterial Activity of ZnO ‎Nanoparticles from Organic Extract of ‎Cola Nitida and Cola Acuminata Leaf‎

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
A. E. Aquisman 1, 2
B. S. Wee 3
S. F. Chin 3
D. E. Kwabena 1, 2
K. O. Michael 4
T. Bakeh 5
Sh. Semawi 5
D. S. Sylvester 6
1 ‎Resource Chemistry Program, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti ‎Malaysia Sarawak 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.‎ ‎
2 Graduate School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences, University of Ghana, AE1, Kwabenya-‎Accra, Ghana.‎
3 ‎1Resource Chemistry Program, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti ‎Malaysia Sarawak 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.‎
4 ‎Department of Pharmaceutics, Centre for Plant Medicine Research, Mampong-Akuapem, ‎Ghana.‎
5 ‎Resource Chemistry Program, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti ‎Malaysia Sarawak 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.‎
6 St. Joseph’s College of Education, Bechem, Brong Ahafo Region, Ghana. ‎
Abstract
   The study aimed at the synthesis and antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) from organic extracts of Cola nitida and Cola acuminata leaf using zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and zinc acetate dihydrate [Zn(CH3COO)2∙2H2O] as precursors on selected Gram positive and Gram negative microbes: Staphylococcus aureus, Exiguobacterium aquaticum, (Gram +ve) and Escherichia coli, Klebsielia pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumanni (Gram –ve). Spherical and flake-like nanostructures were recorded by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for C. acuminata and C. nitida respectively for the two precursors used. The average particle size and crystallite size determined by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) for C. acuminata and C. nitida were in the range of 32.15-43.26 nm; 69.12-84.26 nm and 14.69-17.12 nm; 23.68-23.96 nm respectively. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), UV- visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques were used to observe the purity and surface functional groups of the samples. Spectra peaks at 440-458 cm-1 and 364-370 nm confirmed the presence of ZnO in the samples by FT-IR and UV-vis, whereas AAS at 213.9 nm wavelength further confirmed elemental zinc with a percentage atomic weight of 71.37% as against 69.50%, 18.8% and 11.1% for Zinc, Oxygen and Carbon by EDX. Data from the antibacterial activity studies show an increase in inhibition rate as concentration of the ZnO NPs increases in concentration from 25-1000 ppm. ZnO NPs from the two extracts recorded the highest inhibition rate in Acinetobacter baumanni of approximately 88% and 49% using ZnCl2 and Zn(CH3COO)2∙2H2O respectively.
Keywords
Precursor
Functional groups
Microscopy
Nanostructure
Spectroscopy.‎
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International Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
Volume 16, Issue 2
Spring 2020
Pages 73-89